:root{--paper:#f7f6f2;--ink:#252a25;--muted:#656a62;--line:#d4d5cc;--red:#b63828;--shade:#edede6;--serif:WikiSerif,'Songti SC',SimSun,serif;--sans:WikiSans,'PingFang SC','Microsoft YaHei',sans-serif;--frame:clamp(36px,4.2vw,76px)}
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.section-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:32px;gap:12px 24px}.section-heading>div{flex:1 1 240px;min-width:0}.section-heading>.text-link{flex:0 0 auto;white-space:nowrap}.text-link .arrow{flex:none}.section-kicker{display:block;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.4px;color:var(--red);margin-bottom:12px}.section-heading h2{font:600 28px/1.5 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.5px}.text-link{display:inline-flex;gap:24px;align-items:center;font-size:13px;padding:6px 0}.text-link:hover{color:var(--red)}.featured-section{padding-top:40px}.featured-section .section-kicker{display:none}.featured-section .section-heading{margin-bottom:26px}.featured-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.12fr 1fr;column-gap:60px}.feature-story{padding:24px 0;border:0}.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child{grid-row:span 2;padding:20px 50px 20px 0;border-right:1px solid var(--line)}.feature-story:nth-child(n+3){border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.featured-grid--single{grid-template-columns:1fr}.feature-body{display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;min-height:68px}.feature-body h3{font:600 23px/1.55 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;max-width:78%;z-index:1}.vignette{width:124px;height:120px;flex:none}.feature-body .vignette{position:absolute;right:0;width:20%;height:90px;opacity:.8}.feature-bottom{display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:flex-end;margin-top:15px}.feature-bottom p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);max-width:87%}.feature-bottom>.arrow{margin-left:auto;font-size:22px;line-height:1}.feature-story:hover .vignette{opacity:1}.feature-story:hover h3{color:var(--red)}.topic-section{padding-top:108px}.topic-index{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.topic-index-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.4fr 95px 26px;align-items:center;gap:28px;padding:30px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.index-number{font:italic 26px var(--serif);color:var(--red)}.topic-index-row h3{font:600 26px var(--serif)}.english-label{font:9px var(--sans);letter-spacing:1.8px;color:var(--muted);display:block;margin-top:8px}.topic-index-row p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.topic-count{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.topic-index-row>.arrow{font-size:25px}.concepts-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.25fr;gap:90px;padding:105px 0 20px}.concepts-intro h2{font:500 38px/1.6 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-1px}.concepts-intro p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin:20px 0}.concepts-intro .text-link{color:var(--red)}.concept-index{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.concept-index>a{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 30px;gap:15px;padding:20px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);align-items:center}.concept-index>a>span:first-child{font:11px var(--serif);color:var(--muted)}.concept-index h3{font:500 19px var(--serif)}.continue-section{padding-top:85px}.continue-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:35px}
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.reader-shell{max-width:1320px;margin:0 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(560px,740px) 230px;gap:64px;padding:40px var(--frame) 0;justify-content:center}.reader-article{min-width:0}.reader-heading{padding-bottom:34px}.reader-topline{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;margin:26px 0 18px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.reader-topline>div{display:flex;gap:22px}.share-button{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);padding:8px 0}.share-button:hover{color:var(--red)}.reader-heading h1{font:600 42px/1.5 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.025em;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.reader-heading .tag-links{margin-top:22px;gap:22px}.reader-heading .tag-links a{font-size:11px}.reading-brief{padding:24px 28px 28px;background:var(--shade);margin-bottom:28px}.reading-brief .section-kicker{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:12px}.prose{font-size:18px;line-height:1.95;letter-spacing:.03px;overflow-wrap:break-word}.prose p{margin:0 0 22px}.prose p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.prose.lead{font-size:18px;line-height:1.95}.intro-rest{margin-bottom:43px}.intro-rest:empty{display:none}.prose a{color:var(--red);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#cfa99c;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.prose a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--red)}.prose strong{font-weight:650}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:24px;margin:20px 0 27px}.prose li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:4px}.prose li::marker{color:var(--red)}.prose blockquote{margin:25px 0;padding:18px 24px;background:#efeee8;color:#454b42}.prose blockquote p{margin-bottom:12px}.prose h3{font:600 23px/1.6 var(--serif);margin:32px 0 16px}.prose h4{font-size:18px;margin:24px 0 12px}.prose code{font-size:.9em;background:var(--shade);padding:2px 4px;white-space:pre-wrap}.article-section{margin:48px 0 0;scroll-margin-top:20px}.article-section-heading{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:17px;margin-bottom:23px}.article-section-heading h2{font:600 27px/1.6 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.5px}.table-scroll{overflow:auto;margin:24px 0 30px;border-top:1px solid #a5ab9e;border-bottom:1px solid #a5ab9e;max-width:100%}.prose table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.prose th{text-align:left;background:var(--shade);font-weight:600;padding:13px 15px;min-width:100px}.prose td{vertical-align:top;padding:14px 15px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);min-width:100px}.prose td p{margin:0}.article-end{display:flex;gap:13px;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:25px 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;margin:50px 0}.end-mark{width:5px;height:5px;background:var(--red);border-radius:50%}.article-end .save-button{margin-left:auto}.related-section>h2{font:600 28px var(--serif);margin-bottom:25px}.related-reading{display:block;padding:23px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.related-reading h3{font:600 22px/1.6 var(--serif)}.related-reading p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.9;margin-top:9px}.related-section>.text-link{margin-top:20px;color:var(--red)}.reader-toc{padding-top:56px}.toc-sticky{position:sticky;top:116px;max-height:calc(100vh - 146px);overflow:auto;padding:0 0 0 22px;border-left:1px solid var(--line)}.reader-toc .section-kicker{color:var(--muted);font-size:10px;margin-bottom:20px}.toc-link{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;padding:9px 10px;margin:2px 0;position:relative}.toc-link.active{color:var(--red);background:var(--shade)}.toc-bottom{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:14px;font-size:12px;margin-top:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted)}.toc-bottom button{font-size:12px;padding:0}.concept-popover{position:fixed;width:360px;background:var(--paper);padding:24px;z-index:60;box-shadow:0 7px 35px #22271c22}.concept-popover h3{font:600 23px/1.5 var(--serif);margin:8px 34px 14px 0}.concept-popover p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.85;color:var(--muted);max-height:210px;overflow:auto}.concept-popover>a{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--red);margin-top:15px}.concept-popover .section-kicker{font-size:9px}
.search-page{max-width:1250px}.large-search{display:flex;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding:9px 0 17px;gap:30px;margin:0 0 38px}.large-search input{background:none;flex:1;min-width:0;border:0;outline:none;font:400 22px var(--serif);padding:10px 0}.large-search input::placeholder{color:var(--muted);font-size:18px}.large-search button{color:var(--red);padding:6px 5px;font-size:14px;min-width:80px}.large-search button .arrow{margin-left:15px}.large-search:focus-within{border-color:var(--red)}.search-result-heading{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:24px;margin:30px 0 20px}.search-result-heading h2{font:600 24px var(--serif)}.search-result-heading>span{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.search-suggestions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px;flex-wrap:wrap}.search-suggestions .section-kicker{margin:0 15px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}.search-suggestions a{font-size:13px}.search-starts{margin-top:75px;max-width:850px}.search-starts h2{font:600 25px var(--serif);margin-bottom:25px}.search-starts a{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;padding:22px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font:500 22px var(--serif)}.empty-state{padding:55px 0 70px}.empty-state h2{font:500 27px var(--serif)}.empty-state p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin:17px 0}.empty-state .text-link{color:var(--red)}
.graph-toolbar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:25px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:17px 0}.graph-toolbar label{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.graph-toolbar select{max-width:480px;width:430px}.graph-toolbar .text-link{margin-left:auto}.graph-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.55fr 1fr;gap:35px;padding-top:25px}.graph-canvas{position:sticky;top:118px;align-self:start;min-width:0}.graph-canvas svg{width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible}.map-node text{font:13px var(--sans);fill:var(--ink)}.map-node:hover text,.map-node:focus text{fill:var(--red)}.map-node:hover circle:first-child{fill:#eeece4}.map-center{font:600 18px var(--serif);fill:var(--ink)}.graph-caption{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);text-align:center;margin-top:18px}.graph-detail{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0 0 33px}.graph-detail>h2{font:600 31px/1.6 var(--serif);margin-bottom:20px}.graph-detail>p{font-size:13px;line-height:2;color:var(--muted)}.graph-detail>h3{font:600 19px var(--serif);margin:35px 0 15px}.graph-relations>a{display:block;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:18px 0}.graph-relations strong{display:block;font:500 16px/1.7 var(--serif)}.graph-relations>a>span{display:block;font-size:11px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px}.site-footer{max-width:1760px;margin:100px auto 0;padding:47px var(--frame) 24px;border-top:1px solid #a9ada3}.footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:40px;padding:5px 0 47px}.footer-wordmark{font:600 67px var(--serif);letter-spacing:-4px}.footer-wordmark>span{color:var(--red);font-weight:400}.footer-top>div{text-align:right}.footer-top p{font:500 22px var(--serif);margin-bottom:18px}.footer-top>div>a{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.footer-bottom{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:20px;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted)}.footer-bottom>span:first-child{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:12px}.notice{position:fixed;bottom:30px;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,15px);padding:12px 22px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);z-index:80;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .18s ease,transform .18s ease;font-size:12px}.notice.visible{opacity:1;transform:translate(-50%,0)}

@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important}.flow-pulse{display:none}}

/* The language control uses the same quiet, native affordances as the reading filters. */
.language-control{position:relative;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;flex-shrink:0;font-size:13px;min-height:44px;cursor:pointer}.language-control>svg{flex:none}.language-caption{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;white-space:nowrap}.language-caption [lang]{color:var(--muted)}.language-divider{color:var(--muted)}html[lang^=zh] .language-caption [lang=zh],html[lang=en] .language-caption [lang=en]{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.language-control:focus-within{outline:2px solid var(--red);outline-offset:4px}
.language-control select{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;max-width:none;opacity:0;border:0;padding:0;font-size:16px;cursor:pointer}.language-control select:focus-visible{outline:none}
.header-inner{gap:20px}.brand small[hidden]{display:none}
.translation-notice{padding:15px 0;border-block:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:25px;font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}
.translation-notice a{color:var(--red);margin-inline-start:14px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}

html[lang=en] .brand>span{font-size:23px;letter-spacing:-.6px}






html[lang=en] .footer-wordmark{font-size:48px;letter-spacing:-2px}
html[lang=en] .reader-heading h1{font-size:46px;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-1px}
html[lang=en] .prose{line-height:1.8;overflow-wrap:break-word}
html[lang=en] .prose:lang(zh-CN){font-family:WikiSans,'Microsoft YaHei',sans-serif;line-height:1.95}
html[lang=en] .article-section-heading h2{line-height:1.3}
html[lang=en] .toc-link{line-height:1.5}
html[lang=en] .page-heading h1{line-height:1.2}
html[lang=en] .reader-topline{gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap}
html[lang=en] .reader-topline>div{gap:18px}
html[lang=en] .map-node-title{font-size:16px}
html[lang=en] .map-center{font-size:18px}
@media(min-width:1060px) and (max-width:1390px){.brand small{display:none}.header-inner{gap:18px}.header-inner nav{gap:20px}.header-search{flex-basis:170px;margin-left:0}.language-control select{max-width:142px}}

html{scrollbar-color:#a8aca2 var(--paper);scrollbar-width:thin}input{caret-color:var(--red)}.arrow{width:1em;height:1em;vertical-align:-.1em;flex-shrink:0}.prose table{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.feature-bottom p{font-size:13px}.tag-links a{font-size:11px}.english-label{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1px}

h1,h2,h3{text-wrap:balance}.reader-heading{scroll-margin-top:20px}



.skip-link:hover,.skip-link:focus{color:var(--paper)}

.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;margin-top:28px}
.hero-cta:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}
.hero-cta:active{transform:translateY(1px)}
.hero-browse{font-size:13px;padding:12px 0;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px;text-decoration-color:var(--line)}
.hero-topics{position:relative;z-index:3;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.hero-topics a{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding:19px 20px;font-size:14px}
.hero-topics a:hover,.hero-topics a:focus-visible{background:var(--shade)}
.hero-topics a:first-child{padding-left:0}.hero-topics a{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child .feature-body{min-height:156px;align-items:flex-start}
.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child h3{font-size:32px;max-width:90%;line-height:1.55}
.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child .vignette{bottom:-25px;right:0;width:150px;height:130px;opacity:.55}
.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child .feature-bottom{margin-top:18px}
.feature-story:focus-visible h3{color:var(--red)}
.header-search-submit{padding:5px;display:grid;place-items:center}
.header-search-submit:hover{background:var(--shade)}
.header-search{gap:8px;padding:3px 0}
.header-search input{font-size:13px;flex:1;min-width:0}
.reader-breadcrumb{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}
.reader-breadcrumb>span{color:var(--line)}
.reader-heading .save-button{font-size:13px}
.reader-heading .tag-links a{font-size:12px}
.brief-label{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:12px}
.toc-title{font:500 14px var(--sans);margin:0 10px 16px}
.toc-progress{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:26px 10px 0;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.preview-close{position:absolute;top:15px;right:14px;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);padding:6px}
.preview-close:hover{background:var(--shade);color:var(--ink)}
.article-section-heading h2{font-size:28px}
.prose th{white-space:normal}
.footer-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.035em}

.save-button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:7px}.save-icon{flex:none}.search-suggestions-label{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-right:15px}

/* Topic, index and graph surfaces share the editorial reading system. */
.page-wrap .row-meta{font-size:12px}.page-wrap .reading-row p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.page-wrap .tag-links a{font-size:12px}.page-wrap .reading-row h2{font-size:25px}.page-wrap .text-link{font-size:14px}
.topics-page,.topic-detail-page,.library-wrap{max-width:1500px}.topic-covers{gap:64px 72px}.topic-cover-title{height:98px;gap:20px}.topic-cover-title h2{font-size:32px}.topic-cover-title .vignette{width:100px;height:96px}.topic-cover-question{font:500 22px/1.7 var(--serif);margin:8px 0 10px;text-wrap:balance}.topic-cover-deck{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9;margin:0 0 22px}.topic-cover-links a{font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;padding:14px 0;align-items:baseline}.topic-cover-links a:hover{color:var(--red)}.topic-cover-footer{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;margin-top:18px}.topic-cover-footer .text-link{color:var(--red)}.topic-cover-footer>span{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap}
.topic-page-heading{border:0;margin:0}.topic-page-heading .page-heading{padding-bottom:28px}.topic-page-heading .vignette{width:150px;height:140px;margin:0 30px 15px 0}.back-link{font-size:13px;margin-bottom:8px}.topic-tabs,.result-tabs{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:36px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.topic-tabs{margin-bottom:44px;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:36px;row-gap:0}.topic-tabs a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.topic-tabs a,.result-tabs a{position:relative;padding:17px 0;font-size:14px}.topic-tabs a[aria-current],.result-tabs a[aria-current]{color:var(--red)}.topic-tabs a[aria-current]:after,.result-tabs a[aria-current]:after{content:'';position:absolute;bottom:-1px;left:0;right:0;height:2px;background:var(--red)}.topic-detail-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px;gap:64px}.topic-sidebar{padding-left:28px}.topic-sidebar h2{font-size:19px;line-height:1.6}.overview-link{padding:22px 23px;margin-bottom:35px}.overview-link h3{margin:0 0 13px;font-size:23px}.overview-link p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}.overview-link .overview-action{display:block;color:var(--red);font-size:12px;margin-top:18px;letter-spacing:0}.overview-link:hover h3{color:var(--red)}.topic-sidebar .compact-heading{gap:12px;padding-bottom:0}.topic-sidebar .compact-heading h2{margin:0}.sidebar-concept{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;align-items:baseline;padding:16px 0}.topic-questions .reading-row{padding:27px 0 31px}.topic-questions .reading-row>.save-button{margin-left:0}.topic-detail-page .compact-heading>span{font-size:13px}.topic-questions .reading-row h2{font-size:25px}
.index-search{display:flex;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);max-width:740px;gap:24px;margin:0 0 28px}.index-search:focus-within{border-color:var(--red)}.index-search input{flex:1;min-width:0;font-size:19px;background:none;border:0;padding:15px 0;color:var(--ink)}.index-search input::placeholder{color:var(--muted);font-size:16px}.index-search button{padding:15px 5px;color:var(--red);font-size:14px}.index-search button .arrow{margin-left:20px}.index-search input:focus-visible{outline:0}.filters{gap:28px}.filter-select{font-size:13px}.filter-select select{font-size:14px;min-height:40px}.filter-count{font-size:13px}.reset-filter{font-size:13px}.dictionary-list{column-gap:70px}.dictionary-entry{padding:28px 0 30px;gap:0;align-items:stretch}.dictionary-copy{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0}.dictionary-entry h2{font-size:26px;line-height:1.6;margin:3px 0 13px}.dictionary-entry h2 a:hover{color:var(--red)}.dictionary-entry p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.95}.aliases{font-size:12px;display:flex;gap:5px 15px;flex-wrap:wrap;line-height:1.9;margin-top:16px}.aliases>span{color:var(--muted)}.aliases a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--line);text-underline-offset:4px}.aliases a:hover{color:var(--red)}.dictionary-footer{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-top:auto;padding-top:21px}.dictionary-footer .text-link{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);gap:14px}.dictionary-footer .text-link:hover{color:var(--red)}.dictionary-footer .save-button{margin:0}.empty-actions{display:flex;gap:36px}
mark{background:#e9dfca;color:var(--ink);padding:0 .08em;border-radius:2px}.search-page{max-width:1250px}.search-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:26px}.large-search{margin-bottom:27px;padding-bottom:13px}.search-result-heading{margin:27px 0 9px}.search-result-heading>span{font-size:13px}.result-tabs{gap:32px;margin-bottom:0}.result-tabs a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;font-size:14px}.result-tabs a>span{font-size:12px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:var(--muted)}.result-tabs a[aria-current]>span{color:var(--red)}.search-result{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:40px;padding:29px 0 31px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.search-result h2{font:600 26px/1.6 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.02em}.search-result h2 a:hover{color:var(--red)}.search-result p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.95;margin-top:13px;max-width:850px}.search-result>.save-button{margin-top:28px}.match-alias{font-size:13px;line-height:1.9;color:var(--muted);margin-top:12px}.search-suggestions a{font-size:14px}.search-page .empty-state{padding-top:38px}.empty-state p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.9}
.graph-page{max-width:1640px;padding-top:36px}.graph-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:25px}.graph-page .page-heading h1{font-size:42px}.graph-page .page-heading>p{margin-top:13px}.graph-toolbar{gap:24px;padding:12px 0}.graph-toolbar label{font-size:13px}.graph-toolbar select{width:450px;max-width:50vw;font-size:14px;min-height:42px}.graph-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 330px;gap:34px;padding-top:28px;align-items:start}.graph-canvas{position:static;min-width:0}.graph-stage{padding:8px 0 0}.graph-stage svg{display:block;width:100%;max-width:900px;margin:auto;overflow:visible}.map-edge{fill:none;stroke:#b6baaf;stroke-width:1.2;transition:stroke .15s,stroke-width .15s}.map-edge.selected{stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:1.7}.map-edge.hovered{stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:2}.map-center-disc{fill:var(--shade)}.graph-stage .map-center{font:600 19px var(--serif);fill:var(--ink)}.graph-stage .map-center-label{font:14px var(--sans);fill:var(--muted)}.map-node rect{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--line);stroke-width:1}.map-node.selected rect{fill:#f0ebe1;stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:1.4}.map-node:hover rect,.map-node:focus-visible rect{fill:var(--shade);stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1.6}.graph-stage .map-node-title{font:500 18px var(--sans);fill:var(--ink)}.graph-stage .map-node-kind{font:14px var(--sans);fill:var(--muted)}.map-node.selected .map-node-title{fill:var(--red)}.map-node:focus-visible{outline:none}.graph-pagination{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin:18px 0 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:18px 0;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.graph-pagination>div{display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center}.graph-pagination a{color:var(--ink);padding:7px 0}.graph-pagination a:hover{color:var(--red)}.graph-pagination [aria-disabled]{opacity:.55}.graph-detail{padding:12px 0 0 28px;min-width:0}.graph-detail>h2{font:600 29px/1.6 var(--serif);margin:12px 0 19px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.graph-detail>p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.95}.relation-explanation{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:25px;padding-top:21px}.relation-explanation h3{font:500 14px/1.8 var(--sans);margin:0 0 13px;color:var(--muted)}.relation-explanation p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.95;margin:12px 0}.relation-actions{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px;margin-top:26px}.solid-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:30px;padding:12px 20px;background:var(--red);color:var(--paper);font-size:14px}.solid-link:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}.relation-actions .text-link{font-size:13px}.graph-page+.site-footer{margin-top:60px}

.library-wrap,.search-page{padding-top:40px}.library-wrap .page-heading,.search-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:24px}.library-wrap .page-heading h1,.search-page .page-heading h1{font-size:42px;line-height:1.45}.library-wrap .page-heading>p,.search-page .page-heading>p{margin-top:13px}.index-search{margin-bottom:22px}.concepts-page .filters{margin-bottom:8px}.graph-stage .map-node.selected:focus-visible rect{stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:2.5}.page-wrap .reading-row h2>a:hover{color:var(--red)}

/* Personal reading shelf: saved content, history and a single resume action. */
.saved-page{max-width:1360px;padding-top:40px}.saved-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:28px}.saved-page .page-heading h1{font-size:42px;line-height:1.45}.saved-page .page-heading>p{margin-top:13px}
.resume-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 170px;align-items:center;gap:48px;background:var(--shade);padding:27px 32px;margin:0 0 32px}.resume-feature h2{font:600 27px/1.6 var(--serif);max-width:880px}.resume-feature h2 a:hover{color:var(--red)}.resume-feature p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;margin:10px 0;color:var(--muted)}.resume-meta{display:flex;gap:20px;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.resume-actions{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:6px}.resume-actions .solid-link{justify-content:space-between;min-width:150px}.resume-actions .text-link{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}
.shelf-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);gap:24px}.shelf-tabs{border:0;gap:36px}.shelf-tabs a{font-size:17px;padding:15px 0}.shelf-tabs a span{font-size:13px}.local-note{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}
.shelf-tools{display:flex;gap:40px;align-items:center;padding:22px 0 12px}.shelf-tools .index-search{margin:0;flex:1;max-width:540px;gap:20px;border-color:var(--line)}.shelf-tools .index-search:focus-within{border-color:var(--red)}.shelf-tools .index-search input{font-size:16px;padding:10px 0}.shelf-tools .index-search input::placeholder{font-size:14px}.shelf-tools .index-search button{font-size:13px;padding:10px 4px;white-space:nowrap}.shelf-tools .filters{padding:0;margin:0 0 0 auto;border:0;gap:24px}.shelf-tools .filter-select{gap:10px}.shelf-tools select{max-width:170px}.shelf-result-count{display:flex;gap:24px;align-items:center;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;padding:10px 0 16px}.shelf-result-count a{color:var(--red)}
.shelf-row{display:flex;gap:42px;padding:29px 0 31px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);align-items:flex-start}.shelf-row h2{font:600 26px/1.6 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.02em}.shelf-row h2 a:hover{color:var(--red)}.shelf-row p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.95;max-width:850px;margin:12px 0}.shelf-row .row-meta{font-size:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;row-gap:4px}.shelf-row .row-meta time{margin-left:auto}.shelf-row-actions{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;gap:18px;min-width:86px;padding-top:25px}.shelf-row .save-button{font-size:13px}.forget-button{padding:6px 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px}.forget-button:hover{color:var(--red)}.shelf-row-bottom{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:17px}.reading-location{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);max-width:550px}.shelf-row-bottom .text-link{font-size:13px;gap:15px;color:var(--red);padding:0}.start-again{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-color:var(--line)}
.shelf-empty{padding:45px 0 65px}.shelf-empty h2{font:500 28px/1.7 var(--serif)}.shelf-empty p{margin:16px 0 26px;color:var(--muted);font-size:15px}.shelf-empty .empty-actions{align-items:center}.saved-page .empty-state{padding-top:35px}
.notice{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:30px;max-width:calc(100vw - 80px);font-size:14px}.notice[hidden]{display:none}.notice.visible{pointer-events:auto}.notice button{font-size:14px;padding:6px 3px;color:var(--paper);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.notice button:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--paper)}

/* Site-wide discovery: clear navigation and consistent desktop controls. */
.header-inner{gap:26px}.header-inner nav{gap:25px}.header-search{margin-left:8px;width:200px;flex:0 1 200px}.header-search input{width:100%}.topics-page .page-heading h1,.topic-detail-page .page-heading h1{font-size:42px;line-height:1.45}.search-result-heading{flex-wrap:wrap;row-gap:8px}.search-result-heading>span{line-height:1.8}.reader-breadcrumb a:first-child{color:var(--red)}
@media (min-width:1060px) and (max-width:1190px){.brand small{display:none}.header-inner nav{gap:24px}.header-search{width:190px;flex-basis:190px}}

/* Reading directories share one underlying page and reading state. */
.topic-detail-layout--wide{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}
.directory-empty{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.9;padding:24px 0 38px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.reader-directories{margin-top:24px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.reader-directories a{display:flex;gap:12px;justify-content:space-between;padding:8px 0;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}
.reader-directories a:hover{color:var(--red)}
.reader-directories a span{font-size:11px;white-space:nowrap}

/* Editorial hero: established left-hand title and right-hand flow illustration. */
.hero{position:relative;margin-top:24px;isolation:isolate}
.hero-scene{height:486px;position:relative}
.hero-copy{position:relative;z-index:2;width:max-content;max-width:48%}
.hero h1{font:600 clamp(62px,5.35vw,88px)/1.25 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.035em}
.hero h1>span{font-weight:400}
.hero-description{font-size:16px;line-height:1.95;color:var(--muted);margin-top:24px}
.hero-actions{margin-top:28px;gap:26px}
.hero-cta{display:inline-flex;gap:28px;align-items:center;font-size:14px;background:var(--red);color:var(--paper);padding:13px 22px;white-space:nowrap}
.hero-browse{white-space:nowrap}
.value-flow{position:absolute;right:0;top:-6px;z-index:1;width:76%;height:calc(100% - 16px);margin:0;pointer-events:none}
.value-flow[data-active]{z-index:5}
.flow-art{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:visible}
.flow-filaments,.flow-route,.flow-sources{pointer-events:none}
.flow-icon circle{fill:#efeade}
.flow-icon path{fill:none;stroke:#7b6746;stroke-width:1.55;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}
.flow-source-heading{font:500 18px var(--serif);fill:var(--ink)}
.flow-source-label{font:16px var(--sans);fill:#555c53}
.flow-label{font:600 24px var(--serif);fill:var(--ink);transition:fill .18s ease}
.flow-note{font:13px var(--sans);fill:var(--muted)}
.flow-node{cursor:pointer;outline:none;pointer-events:auto}
.node-hit{fill:transparent;stroke:transparent;stroke-width:1}
.node-guide{fill:none;stroke:var(--line);stroke-width:.6}
.node-halo{fill:none;stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:.6;opacity:.2;transition:opacity .18s ease}
.node-point{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:1.6;transition:fill .18s ease,r .18s ease}
.flow-node:hover .flow-label,.flow-node:focus-visible .flow-label{fill:var(--red)}
.flow-node:hover .node-point,.flow-node:focus-visible .node-point{fill:var(--red);r:6.5}
.flow-node:hover .node-halo,.flow-node:focus-visible .node-halo{opacity:.7}
.flow-node:focus-visible{outline:none}
.flow-node:focus-visible .node-hit{stroke:var(--red)}
.flow-route{transition:stroke .22s ease,stroke-width .22s ease,opacity .22s ease}
.value-flow[data-active] .flow-route{opacity:.25}
.value-flow[data-active=value] .flow-route--value,
.value-flow[data-active=exchange] .flow-route--exchange,
.value-flow[data-active=income] .flow-route--income,
.value-flow[data-active=wage] .flow-route--wage,
.value-flow[data-active=profit] .flow-route--profit{opacity:1;stroke:var(--red);stroke-width:2.5}
.value-flow[data-active=value] .flow-source-thread{stroke:var(--red);opacity:.8}
.flow-insight{position:absolute;z-index:5;width:270px;padding:18px 21px;background:var(--paper);box-shadow:0 9px 30px #252a2520;pointer-events:auto}
.flow-insight[hidden]{display:none}
.flow-insight-title{font:600 19px/1.55 var(--serif);margin:0 0 8px}
.flow-insight-copy{font:14px/1.8 var(--sans);color:var(--muted)}
html[lang=en] .hero-copy{width:460px}
html[lang=en] .hero h1{font-size:64px;line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-2px;max-width:460px}
html[lang=en] .hero-description{line-height:1.65;max-width:330px;font-size:16px}
html[lang=en] .hero-scene{height:560px}
html[lang=en] .flow-label{font-size:21px}
html[lang=en] .flow-source-heading{font-size:18px}
html[lang=en] .flow-source-label{font-size:15px}
html[lang=en] .flow-note{font-size:12px}
@media(min-width:1600px){.hero-scene{height:551px}.hero-copy{top:80px}.value-flow{top:-5px}.hero-description{margin-top:30px}}

/* Slow value-to-income motion, paused while reading a node explanation. */
.flow-travelers{pointer-events:none}
.flow-traveler{animation:flow-travel 15s linear infinite;animation-play-state:paused;opacity:0}
.node-halo{transform-box:fill-box;transform-origin:center;animation:flow-breathe 5s ease-in-out infinite;animation-play-state:paused}
.flow-running .flow-traveler,.flow-running .node-halo{animation-play-state:running}
.value-flow[data-active] .flow-traveler,.value-flow[data-active] .node-halo,.flow-page-hidden .flow-traveler,.flow-page-hidden .node-halo{animation-play-state:paused}
@keyframes flow-travel{0%{offset-distance:0%;opacity:0}5%,92%{opacity:.9}100%{offset-distance:100%;opacity:0}}
@keyframes flow-breathe{0%,100%{transform:scale(.9);opacity:.16}50%{transform:scale(1.15);opacity:.36}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.flow-traveler{display:none}.node-halo{animation:none}}

/* Compact reading layout. Navigation takes space only when opened. */
.mobile-menu,.mobile-toc,.mobile-flow-links{display:none}
@media(max-width:1059px){
 :root{--frame:clamp(16px,4.5vw,38px)}
 body{min-width:0}
 .header-inner{height:auto;min-height:58px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto auto;gap:0 12px;padding:4px var(--frame)}
 .brand{grid-area:1/1;min-width:0}.brand small{display:none}.brand>span{font-size:24px}html[lang=en] .brand>span{font-size:clamp(16px,4.4vw,23px)}
 .mobile-menu{display:block;grid-area:1/3;font-size:13px;min-height:44px;padding:0 2px;color:var(--ink)}
 html[lang^=zh] .mobile-menu [lang=en],html[lang=en] .mobile-menu [lang=zh]{display:none}
 .language-control{grid-area:1/2;gap:5px}.language-control select{max-width:none;min-height:44px}
 .header-inner nav,.header-inner .header-search{display:none}
 .menu-open .header-inner nav{display:flex;grid-column:1/-1;margin:0;gap:0 20px;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
 .header-inner nav a{padding:12px 0}.header-inner nav a[aria-current=page]:after{bottom:5px}
 .menu-open .header-search{grid-column:1/-1;display:flex;width:100%;margin:0 0 8px}.header-search input{font-size:16px;min-height:42px}.header-search kbd{display:none}
 .reader-shell,.topic-detail-layout,.graph-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:28px}
 .graph-detail{padding:16px 0;border-left:0}.graph-toolbar{flex-wrap:wrap}.graph-toolbar select{width:100%;max-width:100%}
 .reader-toc{padding-top:0}.toc-sticky{position:static;max-height:none}.reader-toc .toc-title:first-child,.reader-toc .toc-sticky>nav:first-of-type{display:none}
 .mobile-toc{display:block;border-block:1px solid var(--line);margin:0 0 20px}.mobile-toc summary,.mobile-toc a{padding:12px 0;cursor:pointer}.mobile-toc a{display:block;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:14px}
 .article-section,.reader-heading{scroll-margin-top:75px}
 .filters,.shelf-tools,.shelf-tools .filters,.result-tabs,.hero-actions,.footer-bottom{flex-wrap:wrap}
 .topic-index-row{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr auto}.topic-index-row>:last-child{display:none}
 .concept-popover{max-width:calc(100vw - 24px);max-height:75dvh;overflow:auto;left:12px!important}
}
@media(max-width:850px){
 .hero{margin-top:26px}.hero-scene,html[lang=en] .hero-scene{height:auto}
 .hero-copy,html[lang=en] .hero-copy{top:auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}
 .hero h1,html[lang=en] .hero h1{font-size:clamp(40px,10vw,64px);line-height:1.16;letter-spacing:-.04em}
 .hero-description,html[lang=en] .hero-description{margin-top:16px;font-size:15px}
 .hero-actions{margin-top:16px;gap:4px 18px}.hero-cta{padding:11px 15px;gap:14px}
 .value-flow{position:relative;inset:auto;width:100%;height:auto;margin:10px 0 16px;pointer-events:auto}
 .flow-art{height:auto;aspect-ratio:1030/530}.flow-art .flow-sources,.flow-art .flow-label,.flow-art .flow-note{display:none}
 .mobile-flow-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 14px;justify-content:center}.mobile-flow-links a{padding:10px 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}
 .hero-topics{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.hero-topics a,.hero-topics a:first-child{padding:12px 7px;gap:5px}
 .featured-grid,.topic-covers,.concepts-feature,.continue-list,.dictionary-list,.resume-feature{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px}
 .featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child{padding:16px 0;border-right:0;grid-row:auto}.featured-grid--lead .feature-story:first-child .feature-body{min-height:100px}
 .concepts-feature{padding:48px 0 0}.topic-index-row{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:6px;padding:18px 0}.topic-index-row>:nth-child(2){grid-row:2;grid-column:1/-1}
 .page-wrap,.reader-shell{padding-top:22px}.page-heading{padding-bottom:24px}
 .page-wrap .page-heading h1,.reader-heading h1,html[lang=en] .reader-heading h1{font-size:32px;line-height:1.28}
 .reader-heading{padding-bottom:20px}.reader-breadcrumb,.reader-topline{flex-wrap:wrap}
 .prose,.prose.lead{font-size:17px}.reading-brief{padding:18px}.article-section-heading h2{font-size:24px}
 .section-heading,.filters,.filter-select,.shelf-tools,.shelf-tools .filters,.result-tabs{gap:8px 16px}.filters select{max-width:100%}.filter-count{margin-left:0}
 .shelf-tools{align-items:stretch;flex-direction:column}.shelf-tools .filters{margin:0}.resume-feature{padding:18px}.reading-row,.shelf-row{gap:10px}.shelf-row-actions{min-width:60px}
 .topic-page-heading .vignette{width:62px;height:72px;margin:0}.graph-stage{overflow-x:auto}.graph-stage svg{min-width:560px}
 .footer-top{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);justify-content:start;gap:18px}.footer-top>div{text-align:left}.site-footer{margin-top:44px}.footer-wordmark,html[lang=en] .footer-wordmark{font-size:clamp(25px,7vw,34px);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
 .notice{max-width:calc(100vw - 24px);width:max-content}.save-button,.share-button{min-height:44px}
}

/* Shared controls retain their geometry on Safari and Chromium. */
.filter-select>span{white-space:nowrap}.filters{flex-wrap:wrap}.filter-select{min-width:0}.row-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;row-gap:4px}
@media(max-width:850px){
 .filters,.shelf-tools .filters{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));align-items:end;gap:16px 20px;width:100%;padding:18px 0}
 .filter-select,.shelf-tools .filter-select{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:4px;align-items:start}
 .filter-select>span{font-size:12px}.filter-select select,.shelf-tools select{width:100%;max-width:none;min-height:44px;font-size:16px}
 .filter-count,.reset-filter{margin:0;align-self:center}.reset-filter{justify-self:end}
 .section-heading>.text-link{gap:12px;min-height:44px}
 .index-search button{white-space:nowrap}
}
@media(max-width:480px){
 html[lang=en] .header-inner{gap:0 10px}
 html[lang=en] .brand>span{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:-.5px}
 html[lang=en] .mobile-menu{font-size:12px;max-width:60px;line-height:1.35}
}